Megjelent a Dactylorhiza
lapponica romániai előfordulásáról szóló beszámolónk a Marcin Nobis által
szerkesztett ’Contribution to the flora of Asian and European countries: new
national and regional vascular plant records’ című cikksorozat 7. részében,
a Botany Letters című folyóiratban.
A fajt Kiskalota határában (Kolozs megye) találtuk Óvári Miklóssal 2015-ben. Az általunk megtalált termőhelyen a faj jelentős egyedszámú állományát találtuk, olyan kísérőfajokkal mint Angelica sylvestris, Briza media, Calluna vulgaris, Carex panicea, Carex stellulata, Dactylorhiza cordigera, Dactylorhiza maculata, Epipactis palustris, Filipendula ulmaria, Genistella saggitalis, Gymnadenia conopsea, Holcus lanatus, Neottia ovata, Luzula campestris, Parnassia palustris, Plantago lanceolata, Platanthera bifolia, Polygala comosa, Potentilla erecta. Salix repens, Rosa pendulina, Scirpus sylvaticus, Trifolium pratense, Trollius europaeus, Veratrum album.
A MTM Növénytárában található két herbáriumi lap tanúsága
szerint a növényt Jeney Endre és Pázmány Dénes 1956. augusztus 23-án már
gyűjtötték a Gyalui-havasokban (A BP 684168 számú lapot ’Orchis morio’-ként, a BP 684402 ’Orchis sambucina’-ként azonosították).
Hivatkozás:
Nobis M., Domina G., Meço M., Mullaj A., Bazan G., Ebel A.
L., Király G., Erst A., Nowak A., Sukhorukov A. P., Pospelova E. B., Pospelov
I. N., Vasjukov V. M., Piwowarczyk R., Seregin A. P., Király A., Kushunina M.,
Liu B., Molnár V. A., Olonova M., Óvári M., Paszko B., You-Sheng Ch.,
Verkhozina A. V., Zykova E. Y., Klichowska E., Nobis A., Wróbel A., Aydın Z.
U., Dönmez A. A., Garakhani P., Koopman J., Korolyuk A., Oklejewicz K.,
Qasimova T., Wang W., Więcław H., Wolanin M. & Xiang K. (2018): Contribution
to the flora of Asian and European countries: new national and regional
vascular plant records, 7. – Botany Letters Doi 10.1080/23818107.2017.1415817
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Dactylorhiza
lapponica (Laest. ex Hartm.) Soó in flora of Romania
Attila Molnár
V. & Miklós Óvári
Distribution and habitat
Known distribution area of Dactylorhiza
lapponica covers northern Europe, Alps and northern
Carpathians (Vlčko et al. 2003, Delforge 2006). Presence of the species in some Central
European countries was detected only during last decades, e.g. Austria and
Switzerland (Reinhard 1985), Germany (Gallerach
& Wucherpfennig 1987), France , (Amardeilh 1997),
Slovakia, (Vlčko 1995) and Hungary (Dítě et al. 2006).
Dactylorhiza lapponica grows in in low-herbs communities of springs and
fens, and along mountain streams (Dítě et al. 2006).
The species occurs from lowlands to alpine altitudinal zone (Delforge 2006). Occurrence of D. lapponica in Romanian was so far
unknown. Overlooked herbarium sheets collected 50 years ago together with a newly
found locality, represent the most south-eastern known population of the
species. The habitat of newly found locality near Călăţele is characterised by
sligtly acidic soil (pH 6.0), with high (15.4%) organic matter content and very
low carbonate (< 0.05%), phosphorous (60 mg/kg), potassium (174 mg/kg) and nitrogen (58.8 mg/kg) content.
Taxonomic notes
Dactylorhiza lapponica belongs to the
allotetraploid complex Dactylorhiza majalis s. l. (Aagard et al. 2005). The members of this complex were originated as
results of repeated hybridization events between the diploid taxa Dactylorhiza
incarnata (L.) Soó and Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó (Hedrén 1996, Devos et al. 2003).
Main distinction characters from morphologically most similar D. majalis
(Rchb.)
P.F.Hunt
& Summerh.
are. as folows: lower (10–40 cm versus 20–90 cm high) flowering stem, fewer (2–5
versus 4–10) and narrower (3–25 mm versus 15–35 mm width) leaves, fewer (3–20
versus 10–60) flowers and shorter (20–70 mm versus 20–160 mm long) inflorescence.
Examined specimens (new records)
ROMANIA: Jud. Cluj, Munţii Giláului, Băişoara, “In loco
paludoso, montis “Öreg Havas” montium “Gyalui Havas”. Alt. cca. 1600 m super mare. Prope
pagum Kisbánya, comitatis Kolozs.”, 23 August 1956, D. Pázmány & E. Jeney, as “Orchis morio L. ?”, rev.: A.
Molnár V. as ’D. lapponica (Laest. ex Hartm.) Soó’ (BP 684168). An
another herbarium sheet (BP 684402) collected on the same locality, at same
date, originally identified as: “Orchis
sambucina L.”, rev: A. Molnár V. as ’D. lapponica (Laest. ex
Hartm.) Soó’; Jud. Cluj, near Călăţele (46.72654° N, 23.03298° E, 948 m alt.), wet hey meadows,
11 June 2015, A
Molnár V. & M. Óvári (DE).
References
Aagaard, S. M. D., Såstad, S. M., Greilhuber, J., and Moen, A. 2005. “A secondary hybrid zone between diploid Dactylorhiza
incarnata ssp. cruenta and allotetraploid D. lapponica
(Orchidaceae).” Heredity 94: 488–496.
Amardeilh, J. P. 1997. “Orchidee nouvelle
pour la France Dactylorhiza
lapponica (Laestad.) Soó en Savoie [A new orchid to France: Dactylorhiza
lapponica (Laestad.) Soó in Savoie].” L’Orchidophile
28: 55–58.
Delforge, P. 2006. Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the
Middle East. London: Christopher Helm.
Devos, N., Tyteca, D., Raspé,
O., Wesselingh, R. A. and Jacquemart, A.-L. 2003.
„Patterns of chloroplast diversity among western European Dactylorhiza species
(Orchidaceae).” – Plant Systematics and Evolution 243: 85–97.
Dítě, D., Eliáš, P.
and Király, G. 2006. „Dactylorhiza lapponica (Laest. ex Hartm.) Soó, a new taxon for Hungary.”
Flora Pannonica 4: 91–97.
Gallerach, A. and
Wucherpfennig, W. 1987. „Dactylorhiza
lapponica: Erstnachweis für Deutschland [Dactylorhiza lapponica: new
to Germany].” Die Orchidee 38: 306–307.
Hedrén, M. 1996. “Genetic differentiation, polyploidization and
hybridization in northern European Dactylorhiza (Orchidaceae):
evidence from allozyme markers.” Plant Systematics and Evolution 201: 31–55.
Reinhard, H. R. 1985. “Skandinavische und
alpine Dactylorhiza-Arten. [Scandinavian and alpine Dactylorhiza
species.]” Journal Europäischer Orchideen 17: 321–416.
Vlčko, J. 1995. „Dactylorhiza lapponica
(Laest. ex Rchb. fil.) Soó,
a new species of the Slovak flora.” Biologia 50: 331–332.
Vlčko J., Dítě
D. and Kolník M. 2003. Vstavačovité
Slovenska. Orchids of Slovakia. Zvolen: ZO SZOPK Orchidea.
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